31 things from this book went into her brain. Here are the first 6.
Barnum held that wealth comes from spending less than you earn, and warned that many people think they understand economy when they do not.
Barnum warned that economy is not meanness. Someone who scrimps on small things while wasting in other directions is not really being economical.
Barnum suggested tracking spending in two columns, necessities and luxuries, to see where money really goes. He found the luxuries column usually far outweighed what people believed they spent.
Barnum observed that trying to keep up appearances with money you do not have wears down families and deceives nobody. Being as good as someone else means behaving well, not spending like them.
Barnum urged people to regulate what they spend by what they earn and lay something by for a rainy day. Living right up to one's means leaves no room for a setback.
Barnum warned that prosperity is a harder ordeal than adversity, and that pride which spends to make a sensation can swallow income as fast as it arrives.
Barnum observed that people have different aptitudes, and someone pushed into work that does not suit their gifts will spend a whole career working uphill, seizing every excuse to idle.
Barnum warned that even the right skill fails in the wrong place. A business should not open where competitors already meet demand, and it should be located where customers actually pass by.
Barnum advised young people to avoid borrowing for everyday food, drink and clothes, since debt that buys things that do not grow can keep a person poor for life.
Barnum said money is a fine servant but a terrible master. Let it work for you through careful investment, and never let interest pile up against you.
Barnum held that perseverance is a form of self-reliance. Someone blown about by every piece of advice cannot succeed until they can trust their own judgement and keep going.
Barnum warned against waiting for something to turn up. Fortune favours those who do their own part, and only then trust to luck for what remains.
Barnum held that no one can fully understand their business without learning its details personally, and that mistakes become useful lessons when a person pays attention to them.
Barnum read the Rothschild maxim 'be cautious and bold' as caution in planning and boldness in carrying plans out. He held that luck is not a plan, and that results follow from sound methods.
Barnum advised keeping good staff, since their experience grows more valuable each year, and noted that an employee who thinks himself indispensable has stopped being worth much.
Barnum observed that money earned through effort is valued, while capital handed to someone who has not earned it is often lost quickly. Self-denial and patience teach what money is worth.
Barnum urged people to study the rules of business and above all human nature, observing that heirs who never earned money often lose it, while experience is what steadily builds wealth.
Barnum argued that no honest trade is beneath respect, and that whoever excels in their own line, with good habits and integrity, will find plenty of customers and does not need to fear competition.
Barnum advised every parent to give their children a useful trade or profession, so they have something to fall back on if fortune turns against them.
Barnum recommended working by a system, doing one thing at a time and keeping appointments, while warning that too much system becomes its own red tape. Aim for the sensible middle.
Barnum advised reading a trustworthy newspaper to stay informed about the world and one's trade, since someone who ignores what is changing can be left out in the cold.
Barnum warned that people who succeed in their own field often lose it by chasing speculations they do not understand, lured by flattery. Stay with the business you know well.
Barnum cautioned against guaranteeing other people's debts without good security, and observed that money obtained too easily tempts people into risky speculation that can ruin both lender and borrower.
Barnum held that a good product nobody knows about earns nothing, so a business should advertise what it genuinely offers. Like a farmer, sow to the public first and reap afterwards.
Barnum observed that advertising pays only when it is kept up long enough for people to know what you sell, and that a spurious product brings customers once before they walk away.
Barnum said that politeness and civility are among the best capital a business can invest in, since abrupt treatment undoes even the most lavish store or sign.
Barnum held that the best charity quietly helps people who are struggling to help themselves, rather than handing out alms without asking who deserves them.
Barnum advised keeping business profits, hopes and plans to yourself, since telling others how you made money gains nothing, and losses shared too freely can cost you your reputation.
Barnum argued that strict honesty underpins lasting success, because people will not deal with anyone whose integrity is doubted, while a known honest person can borrow on trust alone.
Barnum distinguished getting rich from being successful, and held that money is worth having when it is used to enlarge the happiness and influence of others.
Barnum held that trade has long funded learning, art and the institutions a society values. Making money honestly is nothing to be ashamed of, and the wealth it brings should be used well.